Prevalence of Ophthalmological Findings in Patients Undergoing Medical Checkups at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Mexico City
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Objective: to determine the prevalence of the main ophthalmological findings among patients evaluated at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 3629 medical records of patients aged 18 years or older who were evaluated between January and December 2024 were reviewed. Descriptive analysis was performed using frequencies and percentages. Results: at least one ophthalmological abnormality was identified in 85.8% of patients. Refractive errors were the most frequent finding (78.3% in men and 79.5% in women). Optic disc cupping suspicious for glaucoma was identified in 6.3% and 5.5%, respectively. Ocular xerosis was more frequent in women (4.2%). Cataracts, pseudophakia, and glaucoma predominated among patients aged 56 to 90 years. Conclusion: the high frequency of ophthalmological abnormalities supports incorporating ophthalmological evaluation into comprehensive medical checkups to facilitate the timely detection and treatment of potentially progressive ophthalmological abnormalities.
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